Here, on the Physics of Risk, we frequently talk about two essential statistical features of the time series - probability and spectral densities. The probability density function should well known to our readers - it is related to the distribution of time series values. So let us now discuss the power spectral density.
In classical physics differential equations is the main tool to mathematically describe dynamical systems. Having obtained the mathematical descriptions of the system we should be able to predict the evolution of the system. It is noted that the evolution of the classical systems is pretty trivial - no matter what the initial condition is the system will "find" the stable state. Usually dissipative forces (such as frictions) are to be blamed for this. Though not all systems are so simple...
The most active and well known scientists contributing towards FuturICT project have organized their ideas into few articles, which discuss the current situation in contemporary complex social system modeling. These articles we published in a special issue of "The European Physical Journal Special Topics". Most of the articles are available for free, thus we invite you to familiarize yourselves with them.
Recently on my Facebook news feed I found one article, which was rather interesting. "Teaching mathematics differently?" - ironical thought crossed my mind, while at the same time recalling some stand up comedians telling "wild" stories about the problem-based learning. It is truly funny to hear that children nowadays are forced to help the squirrel to count the nuts! Or to solve another default setup: "10 apples + 4 pears = 48 Litas, while 5 apples + 6 pears = 32 Litas, if so then how many Litas does a single apple or pear cost?" Why should anyone solve this problem in this way? Can't the client just look up the price tags? Or check his receipt?
Econophysics is not a very well known interdisciplinary field of research in Lithuania. There are very few Lithuania based scientists who are related to this very young and rapidly developing branch of Physics. Therefore we, being ones of the few, feel an obligation to introduce Econophysics to the other scientists, businessmen and the whole broader society. In this text we will discuss the basic ideas, current trends and the most common problems relevant to the field of Econophysics.
The name of Econophysics implies the application of physics, mostly the methods taken from Statistical Physics, to the Economics. Though until recently most of the econophysicists used to focus on the financial markets. Currently the field is expanding very rapidly and now concerns something more than just regular Economics or Finance - many physicists now attempt to tackle problems in the other social sciences. For these broader approaches there are other overlapping terms including Sociophysics, Physics of Risk, Physics of Socio-Economic Systems and other.
At this point we would like to stop the discussion on the use of the terminology. Recall that the aim of this text is somewhat different from that. We aim to familiarize you with the Econophysics!
Physics of risk, complexity and socio-economic systems.